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Historically, 3.5–4% of your starting portfolio, inflation‑adjusted, sustained 30 years in most scenarios. Consider dynamic guardrails and cash buffers to manage sequence‑of‑returns risk and improv...
Read moreDelaying from full retirement age to 70 increases benefits about 8% per year. If longevity is likely and you have sufficient savings, waiting often boosts lifetime income and reduces pressure on po...
Read moreOwning a car becomes cheaper than using Uber/Lyft at around 8,000-10,000 miles per year. Below 5,000 miles, ride-sharing is usually cheaper, while above 12,000 miles, car ownership can save you tho...
Read moreBase rates are $1.00-2.50/mile depending on location, but the true cost is $1.50-3.00/mile after surge pricing (+25-100% during peak times), tips (15-20%), and fees. Urban areas average $1.50-2.50/...
Read moreOften yes. In cities like NYC, SF, or Boston, parking costs $300-600/month alone. Add car ownership costs ($11,500/year) vs ride-share for occasional use ($3,000-8,000/year for light users), and ri...
Read moreUrban: High parking costs, good transit, and walkability favor ride-sharing for under 5,000-7,000 miles/year. Suburban: Free parking, spread-out destinations, and poor transit favor car ownership f...
Read moreThis works well for many people. Own a car for daily commuting and errands, use Uber/Lyft for nights out (avoid DUI/parking), downtown trips (avoid city parking fees), and travel (no airport parkin...
Read moreRisk tolerance is your ability and willingness to endure portfolio ups and downs. It depends on time horizon, income stability, net worth, market experience, and psychology. The quiz helps align yo...
Read moreA common rule of thumb is Stocks % = 100–120 minus your age, then adjust for personal factors. Younger investors with long horizons can generally accept more volatility for higher expected returns.
Read moreYes. Major life events, approaching retirement, or experiencing a severe drawdown can shift your tolerance. Re‑take the quiz annually or after big changes and rebalance accordingly.
Read moreTransition gradually. Use new contributions to move toward your target, adjust within tax‑advantaged accounts first, and consider threshold‑based rebalancing to minimize taxes in taxable accounts.
Read moreHigher risk raises expected return but also increases drawdowns and variability. A suitable allocation balances growth needs with the ability to stay invested through market stress.
Read moreIt depends on your current vs. future tax bracket. Choose Roth if you expect to be in a higher tax bracket in retirement (typical for younger workers with growing income). Choose Traditional if you...
Read moreA Roth conversion ladder involves converting Traditional IRA funds to Roth IRA gradually over several years. You pay taxes on conversions but can access converted funds penalty-free after 5 years. ...
Read moreFor 2025, you can contribute $7,000 to a Roth IRA ($8,000 if age 50+). These limits phase out at higher incomes: singles earning $146,000-$161,000 and married couples earning $230,000-$240,000. Hig...
Read moreYes, but you'll pay income tax on the converted amount in the year of conversion. Best timing is during low-income years (early retirement, sabbatical, job loss) or before RMDs begin at age 73. Con...
Read moreThere are two 5-year rules: 1) You must wait 5 years from your first Roth contribution to withdraw earnings tax-free (after age 59.5). 2) Each Roth conversion has its own 5-year clock before you ca...
Read moreTo find out how long it takes for your investment to double, divide 72 by your annual return rate. For example, at an 8% return, it takes 9 years (72 ÷ 8), and at 6%, it takes 12 years (72 ÷ 6).
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