How pie chart percentages and angles are calculated
A pie chart only works when every slice is measured against the same real total. Imagine a class survey with 24 votes for reading, 18 for games, and 8 for drawing. The total is 50. Reading takes 24 / 50 = 48% of the circle, so its angle is 24 / 50 x 360 = 172.8 degrees. Games takes 129.6 degrees and drawing takes 57.6 degrees. Add the three angles and you get exactly 360 degrees: one complete circle.
This tool applies that value / total x 360 rule to every positive row after validation and optional grouping. Sorting changes where a slice appears, not its size. Switching from pie to doughnut removes the middle of the drawing, not part of the data, so the angles stay identical. Pulling out a slice changes only its position.
Displayed percentages need one extra step. Three equal values have raw shares of 33.333...%. Showing each as 33.3% would make the labels add to 99.9%. The tool first rounds down to tenths, then gives the remaining tenth to the slice with the largest discarded fraction. The labels become 33.4%, 33.3%, and 33.3%. They add to 100.0%, while the slice geometry still comes from the original one-third values.
Open the arithmetic table under your chart when students need to show their working. It prints each value, the real total, the displayed percentage, and the exact angle rule side by side.
