Insurance & Risk Management

Claim Frequency

How often you file insurance claims, measured as claims per year (e.g., 0.2 = 1 claim every 5 years).

Also known as: claim rate, loss frequency

What You Need to Know

Claim frequency is a key metric insurers use to assess risk and set premiums. It measures how often you file claims over a given period.

How It's Calculated:

Example 1: 3 claims over 15 years

  • Claim frequency = 3 ÷ 15 = 0.2 claims/year
  • Means: 1 claim every 5 years on average

Example 2: 1 claim over 3 years

  • Claim frequency = 1 ÷ 3 = 0.33 claims/year
  • Means: 1 claim every 3 years

Why It Matters:

Insurers use claim frequency to:

  • Predict future claims
  • Set premium rates
  • Decide whether to renew your policy
  • Classify you as low/medium/high risk

Impact on Premiums:

Low Frequency (< 0.1): Rarely file claims

  • Preferred customer status
  • Lower rates, accident forgiveness eligibility
  • Build multi-year claims-free discounts

Medium Frequency (0.1-0.3): Occasional claims

  • Standard rates
  • May lose discounts after claims

High Frequency (> 0.3): Frequent claims

  • Significantly higher premiums (40-60% increases)
  • Difficulty finding coverage
  • Risk of non-renewal or cancellation

Strategic Considerations:

When to File vs. Pay Out-of-Pocket:

Filing small claims increases your frequency and future premiums. Rule of thumb: Only file claims where repair cost exceeds deductible + 3 years of expected rate increases.

Example:

  • Repair: $1,500
  • Deductible: $500
  • Insurance pays: $1,000
  • Rate increase: +30% × $1,800 premium = +$540/year × 3 years = $1,620
  • Total cost of filing: $500 + $1,620 = $2,120
  • Better to pay out-of-pocket: $1,500

Frequency Reset: Most insurers look back 3-5 years for claims. Older claims "fall off" and don't affect your current frequency calculation.

Sources & References

This information is sourced from authoritative government and academic institutions:

  • naic.org

    https://www.naic.org/cipr_topics/topic_insurance_fraud.htm

Put your knowledge into action with these interactive tools:

Claim Frequency: How Often You File Insurance Claims